Volume GCDs

The Volume GCD Category includes the following GCD Types:

Stock Trims
Bulk Removals
Pockets
Rings
Void
ComboVoid
AxiGrooves
Heligroove (Helical Groove)
SlideBundles
LifterBundles

Stock Trims

The Stock Trims GCD Type includes a single GCD named StockTrim, which represents the volume of material removed by roughing using an endmill.

The material removed is the material cross-section between the smallest possible box that fits around the finished part (the bounding box) and the material stock that encloses the part, times, the bounding box, and the cutoff.

The material represented by the Stock Trim GCD typically is roughed away, and then additional machining is performed to create the features on the finished part.
Stock trim is a virtual GCD. It is computed after aPriori selects the appropriate stock size from the bounding box. This GCD is available for the Machining process group.
For parts machined from rectangular stock, aPriori now displays the Stock Trim GCD in the Component Viewer pane.
The stock trim is rendered with red outlines representing the stock surfaces and yellow outlines representing the bounding box.

The GCD details are as follows:

Cost drivers		Description
GCD	Name	The name and number that identifies the GCD. This information is an identifier only and is not used in any cost calculation.
Properties	Volume (mm3)	The volume of the GCD.
	Max Tool Diameter (mm)	For surfaces, this is the largest tool diameter entering from a given setup axis without touching other part surfaces. If there is no limiting diameter, Max Tool Diameter = -1. For pockets and bulk removal, this is the diameter of the sphere used to calculate the pocket or bulk removal skin.
	Tool Reach (mm)	The minimum tool reach required to contact the bottom surface from the part exterior in the direction of the setup axis. For an exterior surface, Tool Reach = 0.
	Min Radius (mm)	The minimum radius found on the GCD. The minimum radius is determined in a plane perpendicular to the setup axis from which the GCD is being machined.
	Max Radius (mm)	Themaximum radius found on the GCD. The maximum radius is determined in a plane perpendicular to the setup axis from which the GCD is being machined.
	Size (mm)	A metric used to drive calculations involving the overall GCD size.
Technique	Requested	You select the technique. If you have not selected a technique, this field is set to auto select.
	Selected	The technique used by aPriori. If the requested technique cannot be used, aPriori select a technique that can be used.
Results	Time(s)	The time (in seconds) that it takes to machine the GCD or complete a technique. If there is more than one occurrence of the GCD or technique, this field shows the sum of the occurrences.
	Volume Removal Rate (mm3/sec)	The total volume removed per second.
	Status	The costing status of the GCD or technique. A green icon indicates that costing was successful, a yellow icon indicates that costing succeeded with a warning, and a red icon indicates that costing failed.

Bulk Removals

The Bulk Removals GCD Type includes one primary BulkRemoval GCD per component. The BulkRemoval GCD includes one BulkRemovalCore nested GCD and zero to many CornerPick nested GCDs. These GCDs are available for the Machining process group.

The GCD details are as follows:

Cost drivers		Description
GCD	Name	The name and number that identifies the GCD. This information is an identifier only and is not used in any cost calculation.
Properties	Max Tool Diameter (mm)	For surfaces, this is the largest tool diameter entering from a given setup axis without touching other part surfaces. If there is no limiting diameter, Max Tool Diameter = -1. For pockets and bulk removal, this is the diameter of the sphere used to calculate the pocket or bulk removal skin.
	Total Volume (mm3)	The volume of the GCD.
	Corner Pick Count	The number of corner picks in the GCD.
	Corner Pick Volume (mm3)	The total volume of the corner picks in the GCD.
Technique	Requested	The technique selected by you. If you have not selected a technique, this field is set to auto select.
	Selected	The technique used by aPriori. If the requested technique cannot be used, aPriori a technique that can be used.
Results	Time(s)	The time (in seconds) that it takes to machine the GCD or complete work on a technique. If there is more than one occurrence of the GCD or technique, this field shows the sum of the occurrences.
	Status	The costing status of the GCD or technique. A green icon indicates that costing was successful; a yellow icon indicates that costing succeeded with a warning, and a red icon indicates that costing failed.

Pockets

The Pockets GCD Type includes the Pocket primary GCD. The Pocket GCD includes one PocketCore nested GCD and zero to many CornerPick nested GCDs.

The Pocket GCD exists mainly as a single roll-up entity, enabling the system to hang the cumulative results of creating a pocket core and the associated corner picks.
A pocket is a generic volume found inside of the bulk removal skin representing the effort to create the pocket.
These GCDs are available for the Machining process group.

The GCD details are as follows:

Cost drivers		Description
GCD	Name	The name and number that identifies the GCD. This information is an identifier only and is not used in any cost calculation.
Properties	Max Tool Diameter (mm)	For surfaces, this is the largest tool diameter entering from a given setup axis without touching other part surfaces. If there is no limiting diameter, Max Tool Diameter = -1. For pockets and bulk removal, this is the diameter of the of the sphere used to calculate the pocket or bulk removal skin.
	Total Volume (mm3)	The volume of the GCD.
	Corner Pick Count	The number of corner picks in the GCD.
	Corner Pick Volume (mm3)	The total volume of the corner picks in the GCD.
Technique	Requested	The technique selected by you. If you have not selected a technique, this field is set to auto select.
	Selected	The technique used by aPriori. If the requested technique cannot be used, aPriori select a technique that can be used.
Results	Time(s)	The time (in seconds) that it takes to machine the GCD or complete work on a technique. If there is more than one occurrence of the GCD or technique, this field shows the sum of the occurrences.
	Status	The costing status of the GCD or technique. A green icon indicates that costing was successful; a yellow icon indicates that costing succeeded with a warning, and a red icon indicates that costing failed.

Rings

The Rings GCD Type represents an axisymmetric volume of material to be removed.

It is available in the Bar and Tube Fabrication, Casting, and Forging process groups.
Ring GCDs are comprised of PlanarFace GCDs and CurvedWall GCDs.

Ring GCD include the following details:

Cost drivers		Description
GCD	Name	The name and number that identifies the GCD. This information is an identifier only and is not used in any cost calculation.
Properties	Volume (mm3)	The volume of the GCD.
	Axial Section Area (mm2)	Cross section area of the ring for a plane passing through the axis of rotation.
	Riser Area (mm2)	The total area of all ring-shaped planar faces (annulus) that are children of the ring.
	Tread Area (mm2)	The total area of all curved wall (cylindrical) surfaces that are children of the ring.
	Is Mirror Symmetric	True if the GCD has mirror symmetry about the tool axis; tool axis angle is specified via an is About relation.
	Depth (mm)	The depth of the Ring GCD, as measured with respect to the Approach From direction.
	Approach From	The direction from which the machine tool approaches. Possible values include: FACE_A, FACE_B, ID, OD, SLANTED, NONE.
	Approach From Alt	An alternative direction of approach of the machine tool. Possible values include: FACE_A, FACE_B, ID, OD, SLANTED, NONE.
	Accessibility	Directions from which the GCD can be entered. Possible values include: SIDE_A, SIDE_B, THROUGH, UNDERCUT, OBSCURED, UNKNOWN.
	Min Wall Thickness (mm)	The minimum wall thickness of the GCD.
Technique	Requested	The technique selected by you. If you have not selected a technique, this field is set to auto select.
	Selected	The technique used by aPriori. If the requested technique cannot be used, aPriori select a technique that can be used.
Results	Time(s)	The time (in seconds) that it takes to machine the GCD or complete work on a technique. If there is more than one occurrence of the GCD or technique, this field shows the sum of the occurrences.
	Status	The costing status of the GCD or technique. A green icon indicates that costing was successful; a yellow icon indicates that costing succeeded with a warning, and a red icon indicates that costing failed.

Void

The Void GCD Type includes the Void GCD, which represents any recess or cavity in the component that is not a hole or multi-step hole.

Note: Casting void and a machining pocket can refer to the same geometric entity. These GCDs are available for the Casting and Machining process groups.

The GCD details are as follows:

Cost drivers		Description
GCD	Name	The name and number that identifies the GCD. This information is an identifier only and is not used in any cost calculation.
Properties	Accessibility	The directions from which the GCD can be entered. Possible values include OBSCURED, SIDE_A, SIDE_B, THROUGH, and UNDERCUT.
	Void Direction Accessible	Indicates accessibility in the core movement direction.
	Box Height (mm)	The smallest dimension of the bounding box.
	Box Length (mm)	The longest dimension of the bounding box.
	Box Width (mm)	The middle dimension of the bounding box.
	Exposed Area (mm2)	The cumulative area exposed by openings.
	Num Openings	The number of openings exposed to the part exterior.
	Num Surfaces	The number of part surfaces.
	Perimeter (mm)	The sum of lengths of all edges in the contour.
	Surface Area (mm2)	The surface area of the GCD.
	Tool Reach (mm)	The minimum tool reach required to contact the bottom surface from the part exterior in the direction of the setup axis. For an exterior surface, Tool Reach = 0.
	Void Shape	The classification of the void shape. Possible values include EXTRUDED and COMPLEX.
	Volume (mm3)	The volume of the final part.
	Dir Core Prints Box Height	The number of directions that core prints stick out along the height axis of the smallest enclosing box. 0 = no core prints on either height-wise face, 1 = core print(s) stick out of only one face in height-wise direction, 2 = core print(s) stick out of both faces in height-wise direction.
	Dir Core Print Box Length	The number of directions that core prints stick out along the length axis of the smallest enclosing box. 0 = no core prints on either length-wise face, 1 = core print(s) stick out of only one face in length wise direction, 2 = core print(s) stick out of both faces in length-wise direction.
	Dir Core Print Box Width	The number of directions that core prints stick out along the smallest enclosing box. 0 = no core prints on either width-wise face, 1 = core print(s) stick out of only one face in width wise direction, 2 = core print(s) stick out of both faces in width wise direction.
	Max Tool Diameter (mm)	The largest diameter tool that can machine the GCD.
Technique	Requested	The technique selected by you. If you have not selected a technique, this field is set to auto select.
	Selected	The technique used by aPriori. If the requested technique cannot be used, aPriori select a technique that can be used.
Results	Time(s)	The time (in seconds) that it takes to machine the GCD or complete work on a technique. If there is more than one occurrence of the GCD or technique, this field shows the sum of the occurrences.
	Status	The costing status of the GCD or technique. A green icon indicates that costing was successful; a yellow icon indicates that costing succeeded with a warning, and a red icon indicates that costing failed.

ComboVoid

The ComboVoid GCD Type includes one or more ComboVoid GCDs with one or more SimpleHole GCDs. ComboVoid GCDs are required for more advanced merging of cores for Sand Casting. These GCDs are available for the Casting process group.

The GCD details are as follows:

Cost drivers		Description
GCD	Name	The name and number that identifies the GCD. This information is an identifier only and is not used in any cost calculation.
Properties	Accessibility	The directions from which the GCD can be entered. Possible values include OBSCURED, SIDE_A, SIDE_B, THROUGH, and UNDERCUT.
	Void Direction Accessible	Indicates accessibility in the core movement direction.
	Box Height (mm)	The smallest dimension of the bounding box.
GCD	Name	The name and number that identifies the GCD. This information is an identifier only and is not used in any cost calculation.
	Box Length (mm)	The longest dimension of the bounding box.
	Box Width (mm)	The middle dimension of the bounding box.
	Exposed Area (mm2)	The cumulative area exposed by openings.
	Num Openings	The number of openings exposed to the part exterior.
	Num Surfaces	The number of part surfaces.
	Perimeter (mm)	The sum of lengths of all edges in the contour.
	Surface Area (mm2)	The surface area of the GCD.
	Tool Reach (mm)	The minimum tool reach required to contact the bottom surface from the part exterior in the direction of the setup axis. For an exterior surface, Tool Reach = 0.
	Void Shape	The classification of the void shape. Possible values include EXTRUDED and COMPLEX.
	Volume (mm3)	The volume of the final part.
	Dir Core Prints Box Height	The number of directions that core prints stick out along the height axis of the smallest enclosing box. 0 = no core prints on either height-wise face, 1 = core print(s) stick out of only one face in height-wise direction, 2 = core print(s) stick out of both faces in height-wise direction.
	Dir Core Print Box Length	The number of directions that core prints stick out along the length axis of the smallest enclosing box. 0 = no core prints on either length-wise face, 1 = core print(s) stick out of only one face in length-wise direction, 2 = core print(s) stick out of both faces in length-wise direction.
	Dir Core Print Box Width	The number of directions that core prints stick out along the smallest enclosing box. 0 = no core prints on either width-wise face, 1 = core print(s) stick out of only one face in width-wise direction, 2 = core print(s) stick out of both faces in width-wise direction.
	Max Tool Diameter (mm)	The largest diameter tool that can machine the GCD.
Technique	Requested	The technique selected by you. If you have not selected a technique, this field is set to auto select.
	Selected	The technique used by aPriori. If the requested technique cannot be used, aPriori selects a technique that can be used.
Results	Time(s)	The time (in seconds) that it takes to machine the GCD or complete work on a technique. If there is more than one occurrence of the GCD or technique, this field shows the sum of the occurrences.
	Status	The costing status of the GCD or technique. A green icon indicates that costing was successful; a yellow icon indicates that costing succeeded with a warning, and a red icon indicates that costing failed.

For details about SimpleHole GCDs, refer to Simple Holes.

AxiGrooves

AxiGrooves are axisymmetric GCDs that represent gears, splines, sprockets, and flutes. Child GCDs of an AxiGroove include the bottoms and sides of the tooth valleys. They do not include the tops of the teeth, and they do not include surfaces normal to the axis of rotation. See the section "Working with Gears, Splines, Sprockets, and Flutes" in the aPriori Cost Model Guide for more information.

The GCD details are as follows:

Cost drivers		Description
GCD	Name	The name and number that identifies the GCD. This information is an identifier only and is not used in any cost calculation.
Properties	Approach From	Ap direction of approach of the machine tool: OD (from the outside), ID (from the inside), or NONE.
	Axial Length (mm)	Length of the AxiGroove along turning axis in millimeters.
	Cone Angle (deg)	Cone angle of the AxiGroove in degrees. This is one-half the apex angle of the AxiGroove’s root cone. (The gear’s axis of rotation is the root cone’s axis of symmetry. The surface of the root cone coincides with the bottoms of the tooth valleys.) The angle is 0 for cylindrical AxiGrooves, positive for conical AxiGrooves, and -1 if the valley profile is not cylindrical or conical.
	Distance To Shoulder A (mm)	Distance to the shoulder along the turning axis (direction A) in millimeters. For external AxiGrooves, this is the distance between the end of the AxiGroove and the closest point on the turning profile that is higher than the valleys between teeth. For internal AxiGrooves, it is the distance to the closest point on the turning profile that is lower than the tooth valleys. A dash, -, is displayed when there is no shoulder.
	Distance To Shoulder B (mm)	Distance to the shoulder along the turning axis (direction B) in millimeters. For external AxiGrooves, this is the distance between the end of the AxiGroove and the closest point on the turning profile that is higher than the valleys between teeth. For internal AxiGrooves, it is the distance to the closest point on the turning profile that is lower than the tooth valleys. It is -1 when there is no shoulder.
	Groove Depth (mm)	Depth of the grooves in millimeters.
	Helix Angle (deg)	Helix angle of the AxiGroove in degrees. This is positive for right-handed AxiGrooves and negative for left-handed AxiGrooves.
	Helix Total Twist Angle (deg)	Total twist of the AxiGroove in degrees. This is set to -1 when either of the following holds: AxiGroove’s inner surface is neither cylindrical nor conical. For external AxiGrooves, the bottom groove points are not on a spiral; for internal AxiGrooves, the top groove points are not on a spiral.
	Max Diameter (mm)	Maximum diameter of the AxiGroove in millimeters. This is twice the maximum distance from a tooth or valley surface to the turning axis.
	Min Diameter (mm)	Minimum diameter of the AxiGroove in millimeters. This is twice the minimum distance from a tooth or valley surface to the turning axis.
	Number of Teeth	Number of teeth in the AxiGroove.
	Radial Undercut Volume Ratio	Ratio of the radial undercut volume to the whole volume of the AxiGroove.
	Shoulder Diameter A (mm)	Diameter of the shoulder in direction A in millimeters. For external AxiGrooves this is the largest diameter of the turning profile on one side of the AxiGroove. For internal AxiGrooves it’s the smallest diameter. This is -1 for AxiGrooves with no shoulder.
	Shoulder Diameter B (mm)	Diameter of the shoulder in direction B in millimeters. For external AxiGrooves this is the largest diameter of the turning profile on one side of the AxiGroove. For internal AxiGrooves it’s the smallest diameter. This is -1 for AxiGrooves with no shoulder.
	Surface Area (mm²)	Area of all grooves in mm². This is the area of the walls and bottoms of the tooth valleys. It excludes the area of the tooth faces.
	Tooth To Valley Volume Ratio	Ratio of tooth volume to valley volume.
	Valley Axial Extent	Axial length of valley extent in millimeters. This is the total length of all inner faces of the axigroove adjacent to the turnable (recognized) surfaces.
	Volume (mm³)	Volume of axigroove in mm³.
Technique	Requested	The technique selected by you. If you have not selected a technique, this field is set to auto select.
	Selected	The technique used by aPriori. If the requested technique cannot be used, aPriori select a technique that can be used.
Results	Time(s)	The time (in seconds) that it takes to machine the GCD or complete work on a technique. If there is more than one occurrence of the GCD or technique, this field shows the sum of the occurrences.
	Status	The costing status of the GCD or technique. A green icon indicates that costing was successful; a yellow icon indicates that costing succeeded with a warning, and a red icon indicates that costing failed.

Heligroove (Helical Groove)

Deprecated: see AxiGrooves. The Heligroove (helical groove) GCD Type represents a repeating groove with helical symmetry about an axis.

The GCD details are as follows:

Cost Drivers		Description
GCD	Name	The name and number that identifies the GCD. This information is an identifier only and is not used in any cost calculation.
Properties	Num Lobes	The total number of lobes about the helix axis.
	Pitch (mm)	The axial distance between grooves (of the same helical groove).
	Groove Angular Span (deg)	The angular span of the groove; the angle is measured at the point of intersection with the external cylinder that encloses it.
	Max Diameter (mm)	The diameter of the groove, about the helical axis, as measured to the top of the lobe.
	Min Diameter (mm)	The diameter of the groove, about the helical axis, as measured to the bottom of the groove.
	Axial Length (mm)	The extent of the helical groove, as measured along the helix axis.
	Surface Area (mm²)	The surface area of the helical groove (Note: does not include the area of the outer cylindrical surfaces).
Technique	Requested	The technique selected by you. If you have not selected a technique, this field is set to auto select.
	Selected	The technique used by aPriori. If the requested technique cannot be used, aPriori select a technique that can be used.
Results	Time(s)	The time (in seconds) that it takes to machine the GCD or complete work on a technique. If there is more than one occurrence of the GCD or technique, this field shows the sum of the occurrences.
	Status	The costing status of the GCD or technique. A green icon indicates that costing was successful; a yellow icon indicates that costing succeeded with a warning, and a red icon indicates that costing failed.

SlideBundles

The SlideBundle GCD represents groups of holes or voids that can share a slide. For more information, see the section "How aPriori Assigns Holes and Voids to Slides and Lifters" in the aPriori Cost Model Guide.

The GCD details are as follows:

Cost drivers		Description
GCD	Name	The name and number that identifies the GCD. This information is an identifier only and is not used in any cost calculation.
Properties	Start (mm)	Number that indicates the position of the first GCD contained in the bundle. The difference between nd and tart is the width of the bundle.
	End (mm)	Number that indicates the position of the last GCD contained in the bundle. The difference between End and Start is the width of the bundle.

LifterBundles

The LifterBundle GCD represents groups of holes or voids that can share a lifter. For more information, see the section "How aPriori Assigns Holes and Voids to Slides and Lifters" in the Cost Model Guide.

The GCD details are as follows:

Cost drivers		Description
GCD	Name	The name and number that identifies the GCD. This information is an identifier only and is not used in any cost calculation.
Properties	Start (mm)	Number that indicates the position of the first GCD contained in the bundle. The difference between End and Start is the width of the bundle.
	End (mm)	Number that indicates the position of the last GCD contained in the bundle. The difference between End and Start is the width of the bundle.